![]() Likewise, as the value of one of the variables decreases, the value of the other variable also decreases. In a positive correlation, as the values of one of the variables increase, the values of the second variable also increase. For example, a researcher could ask about the participants’ yearly income and years of education, to see if those two attributes are correlated. She or he is asking questions of a sample of participants, and finding out in what way pairs of variables are related. Remember that in a correlational study, the researcher is measuring conditions that already exist. These are called positive correlation and negative correlation. In other words, there are two patterns that correlations can follow. There are two types or directions of correlation. If we know a group’s income, we can predict their years of education. (You can also phrase it that people with more years of education have higher income.) When we know there is a correlation between two variables, we can make a prediction. We find that people with higher income have more years of education. The purpose of doing correlations is to allow us to make a prediction about one variable based on what we know about another variable.įor example, there is a correlation between income and education. The researcher looks at things that already exist and determines if and in what way those things are related to each other. The correlation is a way to measure how associated or related two variables are.
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